Summary of Simulations in Nordhaus's DICE2007
(Performed by GRAS 1.1.3e Version, 2/27/2008)

* The model of each simulation is stored in the model folder located in the program folder of GRAS.
* QN value means the total number of quasi Newton iteration. It proportionates to simulation time.
* See Nordhaus's DICE2007site for the details of each simulation.

Simulation
(model file name)
GRAS Objective Value
Nordhaus's GAMS Objective Value
QN Value
Constrained Conditions
Configuration Changed
( ) default
Hoteling
(HOTELING.mdl)
152486
152486
13648
No Damage. Fossil fuel constraint is effective. aa2: 0 (0.00284)
lsmethod: 1 (0)
BASE250
(BASE250.mdl)
150255
149841
14973
25 periods (250 years) fixed at Hoteling reduction rate fixmiu: 25 (1)
rmepsi: 1E-05 (0.0001)
lsmethod: 1 (0)
lsepsi: 1E-15 (1E-10)
BASE50
(BASE50.mdl)
150432
150116
2662
5 periods (50 years) fixed at Hoteling reduction rate fixmiu: 5 (1)
Optimization
(built-in)
150515
150238
2250
No constraint
  
CO2 1.5 times
(15XCO2.mdl)
148099
148091
12869
Limit to 1.5 preindustrial co2 apco2lim: 1 (0)
lsmethod: 1 (0)
CO2 2.0 times
(20XCO2.mdl)
150415
150180
13556
Limit to 2.0 preindustrial co2 apco2lim: 1 (0)
lsmethod: 1 (0)
CO2 2.5 times
(25XCO2.mdl)
150513
150238
13422
Limit to 2.5 preindustrial co2 apco2lim: 1 (0)
lsmethod: 1 (0)
Temp inc. 1.5C
(TEMP15C.mdl)
148100
148107
7627
Limit to 1.5degrees temperature increase aptmplim: 1 (0)
Temp inc. 2.0C
(TEMP20C.mdl)
149793
149653
12017
Limit to 2.0 degrees temperature increase aptmplim: 1 (0)
lsmethod: 1 (0)
Temp inc. 2.5C
(TEMP25C.mdl)
150321
150109
7391
Limit to 2.5 degrees temperature increase aptmplim: 1 (0)
Temp inc. 3.0C
(TEMP30C.mdl)
150477
150223
4428
Limit to 3.0 degrees temperature increase aptmplim: 1 (0)
lsmethod: 1 (0)
armepsi: 1E-10 (1E-08)
Kyoto Protocol
without US
(KYOTO_NOUS.mdl)
150267
149859
8211
Until 6th period, CO2 reduction rates are fixed. They decrease 2.045% for those periods. After that they limited upper bound by hoteling reduction rates. Participation is about 0.2%. fixmiu: 6 (1)
rmepsi: 0.0003 (0.0001)
lsmethod: 1 (0)
Kyoto Protocol
with US
(KYOTO_WITHUS.mdl)
150305
149925
8066
Until 12th period, CO2 reduction rates are fixed on 0.8-0.9. After that they limited upper bound by hoteling reduction rates. Participation is about 0.4-0.2. fixmiu: 12 (1)
lsmethod: 1 (0)
Kyoto Protocol strengthened
(STRONG.mdl)
150193
149959
3258
Reduction rate increase about 0.6 (60%).
Participation rate also increase 0.8%		 fixmiu: 15 (1)
Stern Review 1
(STERN_1.mdl)
13765506
(Utility function different)
 
4579
Stern review takes two steps. In the first stage, discount rate set 0.001 and utility function log form. rho: 0.001 (0.015)
logutil: 1 (0)
scale1: 0.5 (194)
lsmethod: 1 (0)
Stern Review 2
(STERN_2.mdl)
148106
147845
1366
In this second stage, all reduction rates are fixed by the output of the first stage. fixmiu: 60 (1)
GORE proposal
(GORE.mdl)
147990
147291
18778
Make reduction rates increase to 95% within 50 years. apco2lim: 1 (0)
lsmethod: 1 (0)
initmu: 0 (10)

High back stop
technology
(GEOENG.mdl)

151690
151865
5327
Significantly, the cost of back stop technology is decrease.
 pback: 0.005 (1.117)